/* =========================================================
   Abhiram Manchi — personal site
   Aesthetic: Tufte editorial (et-book, cream paper, red
   emphasis, margin notes) + Rosling data moments
   (bold animated counters, ascending arc, reach bubbles).
   ========================================================= */

/* ---------- et-book (Edward Tufte's typeface) ---------- */
@font-face {
  font-family: "et-book";
  src: url("https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/edwardtufte/tufte-css@gh-pages/et-book/et-book-roman-old-style-figures/et-book-roman-old-style-figures.woff") format("woff");
  font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "et-book";
  src: url("https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/edwardtufte/tufte-css@gh-pages/et-book/et-book-display-italic-old-style-figures/et-book-display-italic-old-style-figures.woff") format("woff");
  font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
  font-family: "et-book";
  src: url("https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/edwardtufte/tufte-css@gh-pages/et-book/et-book-bold-line-figures/et-book-bold-line-figures.woff") format("woff");
  font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-display: swap;
}
/* lining figures — for big data numerals */
@font-face {
  font-family: "et-book-display";
  src: url("https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/edwardtufte/tufte-css@gh-pages/et-book/et-book-roman-line-figures/et-book-roman-line-figures.woff") format("woff");
  font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-display: swap;
}

/* ---------- tokens ---------- */
:root{
  --paper:   #fdfbf3;
  --paper-2: #f6f2e6;
  --ink:     #16150f;
  --ink-soft:#403d31;
  --muted:   #6f6b59;
  --rule:    #ddd7c4;
  --red:     #a4161a;      /* Tufte emphasis red */
  --red-deep:#7a1014;

  /* Rosling categorical palette */
  --c-blue:  #2f6f9f;
  --c-green: #3f9b54;
  --c-amber: #d99323;
  --c-coral: #cf4b56;
  --c-plum:  #7c5295;

  --serif: "et-book", "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Charter, Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --measure: 38rem;
  --pad: clamp(1.25rem, 5vw, 5rem);
}

*{ box-sizing: border-box; }
html{ scroll-behavior: smooth; }

body{
  margin:0;
  background:var(--paper);
  color:var(--ink);
  font-family:var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.12rem, 0.6rem + 1.0vw, 1.32rem);
  line-height:1.62;
  -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;
  text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;
  /* faint paper warmth */
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(1200px 600px at 75% -10%, rgba(164,22,26,.035), transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(900px 500px at -5% 5%, rgba(47,111,159,.04), transparent 55%);
  background-attachment: fixed;
}

::selection{ background: var(--red); color:#fff; }

a{ color:var(--red); text-decoration:none; }
a:hover{ color:var(--red-deep); }

h1,h2,h3{ font-weight:400; line-height:1.12; letter-spacing:-0.01em; }

em{ font-style:italic; }
strong{ font-weight:700; }
.red{ color:var(--red); }

/* ---------- shared section frame ---------- */
section{
  max-width: 64rem;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: clamp(3.5rem, 9vw, 7.5rem) var(--pad);
  position: relative;
}
section + section{ border-top:1px solid var(--rule); }

.eyebrow{
  font-variant: small-caps;
  letter-spacing:.18em;
  text-transform:lowercase;
  font-size:.82rem;
  color:var(--red);
  margin:0 0 1.6rem;
}

/* ---------- top bar ---------- */
.topbar{
  position:sticky; top:0; z-index:50;
  display:flex; align-items:baseline; justify-content:space-between;
  gap:1rem;
  padding:.85rem var(--pad);
  background:rgba(253,251,243,.86);
  backdrop-filter:saturate(1.2) blur(8px);
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);
}
.topbar__name{ color:var(--ink); font-size:1.05rem; letter-spacing:.01em; }
.topbar__nav{ display:flex; gap:clamp(.7rem,2.4vw,1.6rem); }
.topbar__nav a{
  color:var(--ink-soft); font-size:.95rem;
  font-variant: small-caps; letter-spacing:.06em;
}
.topbar__nav a:hover{ color:var(--red); }
@media (max-width:620px){
  .topbar__nav a:nth-child(2),
  .topbar__nav a:nth-child(4){ display:none; }
}

/* ---------- hero ---------- */
.hero{ padding-top: clamp(4rem, 12vw, 9rem); }
.hero__eyebrow{
  font-variant:small-caps; letter-spacing:.2em; color:var(--red);
  margin:0 0 2rem; font-size:.9rem;
}
.hero__line{
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 1rem + 5.2vw, 4.5rem);
  margin:0; letter-spacing:-0.02em;
}
.hero__line span{ display:block; }
.hero__line em{ color:var(--red); font-style:italic; }
.hero__coda{
  margin: clamp(1.6rem,4vw,2.6rem) 0 0;
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, .8rem + 1vw, 1.5rem);
  color:var(--ink-soft); max-width: 34rem;
}
.hero__coda .red{ font-style:italic; }

/* ---------- THE CLIMB ---------- */
.climb{ padding-top: clamp(1.5rem,4vw,3rem); border-top:none; }
.climb__fig{ margin:0; }
.climb__svg{ width:100%; height:auto; overflow:visible; display:block; }
.climb__axis{ stroke:var(--rule); stroke-width:1.5; }
.climb__path{
  fill:none; stroke:var(--red); stroke-width:3;
  stroke-linecap:round;
  stroke-dasharray: 1400; stroke-dashoffset:1400;
}
.climb__node circle{
  fill:var(--paper); stroke:var(--red); stroke-width:3;
  transform: scale(0); transform-origin:center;
}
.climb.is-in .climb__path{
  animation: draw 2.1s cubic-bezier(.7,0,.2,1) forwards;
}
.climb.is-in .climb__node[data-i="1"] circle{ animation: pop .5s .7s forwards; }
.climb.is-in .climb__node[data-i="2"] circle{ animation: pop .5s 1.35s forwards; }
.climb.is-in .climb__node[data-i="3"] circle{ animation: pop .5s 2.0s forwards; }
@keyframes draw{ to{ stroke-dashoffset:0; } }
@keyframes pop{ 0%{transform:scale(0)} 70%{transform:scale(1.4)} 100%{transform:scale(1)} }

.climb__labels{
  display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);
  gap:1rem; margin-top:1.2rem;
}
.climb__label{
  opacity:0; transform:translateY(10px);
  transition:opacity .6s ease, transform .6s ease;
}
.climb__label[data-i="2"]{ text-align:center; }
.climb__label[data-i="3"]{ text-align:right; }
.climb.is-in .climb__label[data-i="1"]{ transition-delay:.9s; }
.climb.is-in .climb__label[data-i="2"]{ transition-delay:1.5s; }
.climb.is-in .climb__label[data-i="3"]{ transition-delay:2.1s; }
.climb.is-in .climb__label{ opacity:1; transform:none; }
.climb__role{
  display:block; font-size:1.25rem; color:var(--ink);
  font-variant:small-caps; letter-spacing:.04em;
}
.climb__desc{ display:block; font-size:.92rem; color:var(--muted); line-height:1.35; }
.climb__caption{
  display:flex; align-items:center; justify-content:space-between;
  gap:1rem; margin-top:2.4rem;
  font-style:italic; color:var(--ink-soft);
  font-size:clamp(.95rem,.6rem+.8vw,1.15rem);
  border-top:1px solid var(--rule); padding-top:1rem;
}
.climb__arrow{ color:var(--red); flex:1; text-align:center; font-style:normal; letter-spacing:.3em; }
@media (max-width:620px){
  .climb__desc{ font-size:.8rem; }
  .climb__role{ font-size:1rem; }
}

/* ---------- THE BOOK ---------- */
.book__head{
  display:grid; grid-template-columns: 230px 1fr;
  gap: clamp(1.5rem,4vw,3.5rem); align-items:start;
}
.book__intro h2{ font-size:clamp(1.8rem,1rem+2.4vw,2.8rem); margin:0 0 1rem; }
.book__lede{ font-size:1.2rem; color:var(--ink-soft); margin-top:0; }

/* real book cover */
.book__cover{
  display:block; position:sticky; top:5rem;
  border-radius:3px; overflow:hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.12), 16px 18px 36px -18px rgba(20,40,30,.6);
  transition: transform .4s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1), box-shadow .4s ease;
}
.book__cover img{ display:block; width:100%; height:auto; }
.book__cover:hover{
  transform: translateY(-4px) rotate(-.6deg);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.12), 22px 26px 46px -18px rgba(20,40,30,.62);
}

.epigraph{
  margin: clamp(2.5rem,6vw,4rem) 0;
  padding-left: clamp(1rem,3vw,2rem);
  border-left:3px solid var(--red);
  max-width: 46rem;
}
.epigraph p{
  font-style:italic; font-size:clamp(1.2rem,.9rem+1vw,1.6rem);
  line-height:1.4; color:var(--ink); margin:0 0 1rem;
}
.epigraph cite{ font-style:normal; color:var(--ink); font-size:1.05rem; }
.epigraph cite span{ color:var(--muted); font-size:.9rem; }

/* reception counters (Rosling) */
.reception{
  display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);
  gap:clamp(1rem,2.5vw,2rem);
  margin: clamp(2rem,5vw,3rem) 0 2.5rem;
  border-top:1px solid var(--rule);
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);
  padding: 2rem 0;
}
.stat__num{
  font-family:"et-book-display", var(--serif);
  display:block; font-size:clamp(2.2rem,1rem+4vw,3.6rem);
  line-height:1; color:var(--red); letter-spacing:-.02em;
}
.stat__lbl{
  display:block; margin-top:.6rem; font-size:.92rem;
  color:var(--ink-soft); line-height:1.3;
}
.stat__lbl i{ display:block; color:var(--muted); font-style:italic; font-size:.85rem; }
@media (max-width:680px){
  .reception{ grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr); gap:1.6rem; }
}

/* ---------- photo plates (interspersed) ---------- */
.plate{ margin:0; }
.plate img{
  display:block; width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:3px;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.06), 12px 16px 34px -20px rgba(22,21,15,.5);
}
/* primary hero portrait — wide editorial plate */
.plate--hero{
  margin-top: clamp(2.5rem,6vw,4.5rem);
}
.plate--hero img{
  aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-fit:cover; object-position: 50% 32%;
  filter: saturate(1.02);
}
/* floated side photos that text wraps around (desktop) */
.plate--float{
  float:left; width:min(42%, 22rem);
  margin: .4rem 2.4rem 1.4rem 0;
}
.plate--float img{ aspect-ratio: 4/5; object-fit:cover; }
.plate--right{ float:right; margin: .4rem 0 1.4rem 2.4rem; }
/* contact headshot */
.plate--headshot{
  width:min(38%, 16rem); float:right; margin:0 0 1.5rem 2.4rem;
}
.plate--headshot img{ aspect-ratio: 4/5; object-fit:cover; object-position:50% 28%; }
@media (max-width:720px){
  .plate--float, .plate--right, .plate--headshot{
    float:none; width:100%; max-width:none; margin:1.5rem 0;
  }
  .plate--hero img{ aspect-ratio: 4/5; }
}

/* ---------- in-print clippings ---------- */
.inprint{ margin-top: clamp(2.5rem,6vw,4rem); }
.inprint__lbl{
  font-variant:small-caps; letter-spacing:.12em; color:var(--red);
  font-size:.95rem; margin:0 0 1rem;
  border-top:1px solid var(--rule); padding-top:1.2rem;
}
.inprint__grid{
  display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);
  gap:clamp(1rem,3vw,2rem);
}
.clip{ display:block; color:var(--ink-soft); }
.clip img{
  display:block; width:100%; height:280px; object-fit:cover; object-position:top center;
  border:1px solid var(--rule); border-radius:3px;
  filter: saturate(.96) contrast(1.02);
  transition: transform .4s ease, box-shadow .4s ease, filter .4s ease;
}
.clip:hover img{
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 12px 16px 34px -20px rgba(22,21,15,.5);
  filter:saturate(1) contrast(1.03);
}
.clip__cap{ display:block; margin-top:.7rem; font-size:.92rem; line-height:1.35; }
.clip__cap em{ color:var(--ink); }
@media (max-width:600px){
  .inprint__grid{ grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .clip img{ height:340px; }
}

.book__links{ display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:.4rem 1.5rem; font-size:1rem; }
.book__links a{ font-variant:small-caps; letter-spacing:.04em; border-bottom:1px solid transparent; }
.book__links a:hover{ border-color:var(--red); }

@media (max-width:560px){
  .book__head{ grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .book__cover{ width:200px; position:static; }
}

/* ---------- REACH bubbles ---------- */
.reach h2{ font-size:clamp(1.8rem,1rem+2.4vw,2.8rem); margin:0 0 1rem; }
.reach__note{ max-width:var(--measure); color:var(--ink-soft); }
.bubbles{
  display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; align-items:flex-end; justify-content:center;
  gap:clamp(1rem,4vw,3rem);
  margin: clamp(2.5rem,6vw,4rem) 0 2.5rem;
  min-height: 320px;
}
.bubble{ position:relative; display:flex; flex-direction:column; align-items:center; gap:.6rem; color:var(--ink); }
.bubble__circle{
  display:block; border-radius:50%;
  width:var(--size,80px); height:var(--size,80px);
  background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--c) 78%, transparent);
  border:2px solid var(--c);
  transform:scale(0); transform-origin:bottom center;
  transition: transform .9s cubic-bezier(.34,1.56,.64,1);
}
.reach.is-in .bubble__circle{ transform:scale(1); }
.reach.is-in .bubble:nth-child(2) .bubble__circle{ transition-delay:.12s; }
.reach.is-in .bubble:nth-child(3) .bubble__circle{ transition-delay:.24s; }
.reach.is-in .bubble:nth-child(4) .bubble__circle{ transition-delay:.36s; }
.bubble__val{
  font-family:"et-book-display",var(--serif);
  font-size:clamp(1.3rem,.8rem+1.4vw,2rem); color:var(--c); line-height:1;
}
.bubble__name{ font-variant:small-caps; letter-spacing:.05em; color:var(--ink-soft); font-size:1rem; }
.bubble:hover .bubble__circle{ filter:brightness(1.05); transform:scale(1.05); }

.reach__badge{
  display:flex; align-items:center; gap:1.2rem;
  max-width:38rem; margin-top:1rem;
  padding:1.1rem 1.4rem; border:1px solid var(--rule); border-radius:4px;
  background:var(--paper-2); color:var(--ink);
}
.reach__badge:hover{ border-color:var(--plum); }
.reach__badge-mark{
  font-family:"et-book-display",var(--serif);
  font-size:1.6rem; color:var(--c-plum); white-space:nowrap; line-height:1;
}
.reach__badge-text{ font-size:1rem; color:var(--ink-soft); }
.reach__badge-text em{ color:var(--ink); }

/* ---------- NOW ---------- */
.now__block{ max-width:var(--measure); }
.now__block + .now__block{ margin-top:clamp(2.5rem,6vw,4rem); }
.now h2{ font-size:clamp(1.5rem,1rem+1.6vw,2.2rem); margin:0 0 1rem; }

/* ---------- BACKGROUND ---------- */
.bg h2{ font-size:clamp(1.8rem,1rem+2.4vw,2.6rem); margin:0 0 2rem; }
.bg__list{ list-style:none; counter-reset:step; margin:0; padding:0; max-width:46rem; }
.bg__list li{
  position:relative; padding:1.4rem 0 1.4rem 3.2rem;
  border-top:1px solid var(--rule); counter-increment:step;
}
.bg__list li:last-child{ border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule); }
.bg__list li::before{
  content: counter(step,decimal-leading-zero);
  position:absolute; left:0; top:1.5rem;
  font-family:"et-book-display",var(--serif);
  color:var(--red); font-size:1.1rem; letter-spacing:.05em;
}
.bg__role{ display:block; font-size:1.25rem; color:var(--ink); margin-bottom:.3rem; }
.bg__desc{ display:block; color:var(--ink-soft); }

/* ---------- WRITING ---------- */
.writing h2{ font-size:clamp(1.8rem,1rem+2.4vw,2.6rem); margin:0 0 2.5rem; }
.writing__group{ margin-bottom: clamp(2rem,5vw,3rem); }
.writing__group h3{
  font-variant:small-caps; letter-spacing:.08em; color:var(--red);
  font-size:1.05rem; margin:0 0 .8rem; border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule); padding-bottom:.5rem;
}
.reflist{ list-style:none; margin:0; padding:0; }
.reflist li{
  display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; align-items:baseline; gap:.3rem 1rem;
  padding:.55rem 0; border-bottom:1px dotted var(--rule);
}
.reflist li a{ flex:1 1 60%; }
.reflist__src{ color:var(--muted); font-style:italic; font-size:.92rem; }

/* ---------- CONTACT ---------- */
.contact h2{ font-size:clamp(1.6rem,1rem+2vw,2.6rem); max-width:30rem; margin:0 0 1.5rem; }
.contact__links a{
  font-family:"et-book-display",var(--serif);
  font-size:clamp(1.4rem,1rem+1.8vw,2.4rem);
  border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule); padding-bottom:.1rem;
}
.contact__links a:hover{ border-color:var(--red); }
.contact__sub{ margin-top:1.6rem; color:var(--ink-soft); }
.contact__sub a{ font-variant:small-caps; letter-spacing:.05em; }
.contact__sub span{ margin:0 .6rem; color:var(--rule); }

/* ---------- footer ---------- */
.foot{
  display:flex; justify-content:space-between;
  max-width:64rem; margin:0 auto; padding:2rem var(--pad);
  border-top:1px solid var(--rule);
  color:var(--muted); font-size:.9rem; font-variant:small-caps; letter-spacing:.06em;
}

/* ---------- Tufte sidenotes ---------- */
.sidenote{
  float:right; clear:right;
  width:40%; margin:.3rem -45% .8rem 0;
  font-size:.92rem; line-height:1.4; color:var(--muted);
  position:relative;
}
.sidenote-check, .sidenote-toggle{ display:none; }
@media (max-width: 1180px){
  .sidenote{
    float:none; width:auto; margin: .6rem 0;
    padding:.7rem 1rem; border-left:2px solid var(--rule);
    background:var(--paper-2); display:none;
  }
  .sidenote-toggle{
    display:inline; color:var(--red); cursor:pointer;
    font-weight:700; padding:0 .15em;
  }
  .sidenote-toggle::after{ content:"\229E"; } /* ⊞ */
  .sidenote-check:checked + .sidenote{ display:block; }
}

/* ---------- reveal-on-load / scroll ---------- */
.reveal{
  opacity:0; transform:translateY(14px);
  animation: rise .9s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1) forwards;
  animation-delay: calc(var(--d,0) * .12s + .1s);
}
@keyframes rise{ to{ opacity:1; transform:none; } }

.fx{ opacity:0; transform:translateY(22px); transition:opacity .8s ease, transform .8s ease; }
.fx.is-in{ opacity:1; transform:none; }

/* ---------- reduced motion ---------- */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
  *{ animation:none !important; transition:none !important; }
  .reveal,.fx{ opacity:1 !important; transform:none !important; }
  .climb__path{ stroke-dashoffset:0 !important; }
  .climb__node circle{ transform:scale(1) !important; }
  .climb__label{ opacity:1 !important; transform:none !important; }
  .bubble__circle{ transform:scale(1) !important; }
  html{ scroll-behavior:auto; }
}